Communications

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Communications
8-Bit Binary Data Generator
The 7411 can be used with the 7406 and the 7407 as a data input generator. The 7411 can also used as an 8-bit variable TTL data generator independently. The 7411 can produce an external clock (TTL) up to 1MHz that is available from at the clock out socket on the front of the unit. Normally it operates on an internal 240KHz clock.

Key Features
- Continuous data output (8-bit variable)
- Clock Output
- Compact and Light
(0 reviews)
Communications
Advanced Fibre Optic Trainer
The Bytronic AFOT Fibre Optic Communication trainer provides a full duplex method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fibre, the light forms an electromagnetic wave that is modulated to carry information. The advanced fibre optics communication trainer is designed to learn the communication techniques in Fibre Optics.

The trainer demonstrates properties of Fibre Optics Transmitter and Receiver, characteristics of Fibre Optic cable, different types of Modulation/Demodulation techniques via fibre link. It can also be used to demonstrate various digital communication techniques.

Experiments:
- Fibre optic analogue link
- Fibre optic digital link
- Intensity modulation technique using an analogue input signal
- Intensity modulation technique using a digital input signal
- AM system using analogue and digital inputs
- FM and PWM modulation systems
- Propagation loss in optical fibre
- Bending loss in optical fibre
- Measurement of numerical aperture
- Characteristics of E-O converter (LED)
- Characteristics of F.O communication link
- Measurement of power using optical power meter
- Characteristics of E-O converter using optical power meter
- Propagation loss using optical power meter
- Setting of fibre optic voice link using intensity modulation, AM-FM and PWM
- Study of switched fault in AM-FM and PWM systems
- Full duplex computer communication using RS232 ports and software
- BIT rate measurement
- Determining the density of the fibre optic link
- Determination of power margin (power budget)
Key Features
- Full duplex analogue and digital transmitter – receiver
- 660nm and 950nm channels with transmitter and receiver
- AM-FM-PWM modulation and demodulation
- On board function generator
- Crystal controlled clock
- Functional blocks indicated via on-board mimic
- Input-output and test points provided on board
- On board voice link
- Numerical aperture measurement jig and mandrel for bending loss included
- Switched faults on transmitter and receiver
(0 reviews)
Communications
Analogue Communications Lab
The Analogue Communications Lab are a collection of self contained boards that can be used together to form a comprehensive series of digital experiments and provide the requirements for gaining an understanding of digital communications. The boards have built in power supplies, test points, switched faults, inputs, outputs and functional blocks.

Key Features
- DSB/SSB AM Transmitter
- DSB/SSB AM Receiver
- Frequency Modulation/Demodulation
- FM Communication
- Noise Audio/Amplifier
- Four Channel Analogue TDM
- Frequency Division Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
- Audio Input Module
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Communications
Antenna Trainer System
The Antenna Trainer System is ideal for introducing the principles of Antenna operations and design. The ATS7261 training system includes a set of modular mechanical elements forming various antennas, a transmitter unit and a detector unit. The Antenna Training System comes with a motorised antenna unit that allows for the automated recording of radiation patterns of the antennas. This operation is normally performed by rotating the transmitting antenna at different angles by hand and measuring the radiated intensity.

The motorised antenna unit consists of a microcontroller based system for capturing, displaying and printing of the antenna radiation patterns. The system captures a signal at an interval of ten rotations driven by a stepper motor and the radiation pattern is then displayed on the PC.

Experiments
- Arranging the trainer and performing functional checks
- Perform a modulation and demodulation test
- Plotting the polar graph/radiation pattern of an antenna manually
- Plotting a polar graph/radiation pattern of an antenna using the software
- Simple dipole l/2, l/4 and 3l/2 antenna
- Folded dipole l/2 antenna
- Yagi-UDA 5 and 7 element simple dipole antenna
- Yagi -UDA 3, and 5 element folded dipole antenna
- Hertz antenna
- Zeppelin antenna
- l/2 Phase array (end fire) antenna
- l/ 4 Phase array (end fire) antenna
- Combined co-linear and Broad side array antenna
- Log periodic antenna
- Cut paraboloid reflector antenna
- Loop, Rhombus, Ground plane, Slot and Helix antenna
- Perform polarisation test
- Variation in the radiation strength at a given distance from the antenna
- Reciprocity theorem for antennas
- Matching stub
- SWR measurement
- Antenna current sensor
Key Features
- Experiment with different types of antennas
- Antenna fabrication kit
- On board RF and tone generator
- On board matching stub
- SWR measurements
- 22 Antennas and radiation plotting patterns
- Motorised rotating unit
(0 reviews)
Communications
Audio Input Module
The 7408 audio input module allows speech and music signals as audio input to any communication trainer, it sends these signals over different communication systems. The audio input module accepts the input signal from either a microphone or a cassette recorder which it amplifies by a gain adjustable voltage amplifier. The audio input module and audio output module in conjunction with the trainer allows the user to study the effect of different communication system on transmission and reception of speech and music. The trainer can be used in applications requiring conversion of sound signals to electrical signals.

Key Features
- Allows music and speech as audio input.
- Input via Microphone
- Gain control to control voltage amplification
- Switchable fourth order low pass filter
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Communications
Audio Output Module
The 7409 audio output module has been specifically designed for the use with Bytronic communication trainers. This module can be used with any of Bytronic communication receivers to convert the audible frequency electric signals to audible output. The audio output module 7409 in conjunction with audio input module 7408 and other Bytronic communication trainers allows the user to study the effects of speech and music.

Key Features
- Converts audio frequency electric signals to audible output
- Built in amplifier and loud speaker
- Output provided for headphones
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Communications
Basic Fibre Optic Trainer
The BFOT is designed to teach the basics of Fibre Optics. The unit demonstrates properties of Fibre Optics transmitter and receiver, characteristics of Fibre Optic cables and different modulation/demodulation techniques. A number of experiments are included in the workbook and the BFOT can also be used to demonstrate various digital communication techniques via Fibre Optic link using the range of digital communications trainers.

Experiments:
- Fibre optic analogue link
- Fibre optic digital link
- The relationship between the input signal and received signal in a 650nm fibre optic analogue/digital link
- AM system using analogue and digital inputs
- FM and PWM modulation systems
- Propagation loss in optical fibre
- Bending loss in optical fibre
- Measurement of numerical aperture
- Characteristics of E-O converter (LED)
- Characteristics of fibre optic communications link
- Measurement of power using optical power meter
- Characteristics of E-O converter using optical power meter
- Propagation loss using optical power meter
- Setting of fibre optic voice link using AM-FM and PWM
- Study of switched fault in AM-FM and PWM systems
- Determination of the bit rate supported by the fibre optic link
- Determination of the sensitivity of the fibre optic link
- Determination of power margins (Power budget)
- V-I characteristics of photo LED
- Characteristics of photo detector
- Measurement of bit error rate
Key Features
- Simple analogue and digital trans-receiver
- 660nm channel with transmitter and receiver
- AM-FM-PWM modulation and demodulation
- On board function generator
- Crystal controlled clock
- Functional blocks indicated on-board mimic
- Input-output and test points provided on board
- On board voice link
- Numerical aperture measurement jig and mandrel for bending loss included
- Switched faults on transmitter and receiver
(0 reviews)
Communications
Data Formatting and Carrier Modulation Transmitter
The 7406 data formatting and carrier modulation transmitter trainer is a digital communication system which efficiently explains all communication processing steps involved in digital transmission and reception of analogue signals. Various digital modulation techniques such as ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, QPSK etc can be implemented using combinations of the 7406 and 7407 trainers.

In order for this unit to work correctly the 7407 carrier demodulation and data reformatting receiver is required.

Experiments:
- Data formats
- Amplitude shift keying
- Frequency shift keying
- Phase shift keying
- Differential phase shift keying
- Quadrature phase shift keying
- Differential quadrature phase shift keying
Key Features
- Functional blocks indicated via on board mimics
- Test points
- On-board carrier generation circuit (sine waves synchronized to transmitted data)
- On-board in phase and quadrature phase carrier for QPSK modulation
- Different data conditioning formats – NRZ(L), NRZ(M) RZ, biphase (Manchester), biphase (mark), AMI, RB
- FSK, PSK, DPSK, ASK & QPSK and DQPSK carrier modulation
- On-board unipolar to bipolar conversion
- On-board data inverter, clock source and 8-bit data source
(0 reviews)
Communications
Data Reformatting and Carrier Demodulation Receiver
The unit is one of a range of digital communication trainers and provides all necessary inputs and connections for students. The 7407 carrier demodulation and data reformatting receiver trainer is a digital communication system which efficiently explains all communication processing steps involved in digital transmission and reception of analogue signals. Various digital modulation techniques such as ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, QPSK etc can be implemented using combinations of the 7406 and 7407 trainers.

In order for this unit to work correctly the 7406 data formatting and carrier modulation transmitter trainer is required.

Experiments:
- Data formats
- Amplitude shift keying
- Frequency shift keying
- Phase shift keying
- Differential phase shift keying
- Quadrature phase shift keying
- Differential quadrature phase shift keying
Key Features
- Functional blocks indicated via on board mimics
- Test points
- 7 Different data conditioning formats – NRZ(M) RZ, Biphase (Manchester), Biphase (Mark), AMI, RB
- FSK, PSK, ASK, DPSK & QPSK carrier demodulation
- On-Board Biphase clock recovery circuit
- On-board data squaring circuit and different decoder
- On-Board Butterworth Filters – 4^th Order filters
(0 reviews)